Which antibiotic is associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection?

Clindamycin is associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection due to its significant impact on gut microbiota. This antibiotic is a lincosamide that can disrupt the normal flora of the intestine, allowing for the overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. The alteration of the microbiome creates an environment conducive for C. difficile to flourish, leading to potential gastrointestinal complications, including colitis.

While other antibiotics listed can potentially lead to C. difficile infections, clindamycin is particularly notorious for this association due to its particular potency in disrupting the normal balance of gut bacteria. Proper awareness of the antibiotic's side effects and risks is crucial when considering treatment options, especially in patients with prior history or risk factors for C. difficile infections.