Which imaging study is preferred for screening breast cancer in women over 35?

Mammography is the preferred imaging study for screening breast cancer in women over 35 due to its effectiveness in detecting early signs of breast cancer. This low-dose X-ray technique can identify tumors that may not be palpable during a physical examination, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment, which significantly improves survival rates.

The American College of Radiology and the Society of Breast Imaging recommend that women begin annual mammography screening at age 40; however, for women with specific risk factors or a family history of breast cancer, screening may begin earlier. Mammography has been shown to reduce mortality from breast cancer and is the standard first-line approach due to its accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and established guidelines.

While ultrasound is often used as a supplementary tool, especially in women with dense breast tissue or when a mammogram shows an abnormal finding, it does not replace mammography as the primary screening method. CT scans are not typically used for breast cancer screening due to their higher radiation exposure and lower sensitivity compared to mammography. MRI can be beneficial for certain high-risk women or in the evaluation of palpable masses but is not recommended for routine screening in the general population.